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Working load limits
Aggregate working load limit of your tie-downs must be at least half the cargo weight. A 6,000 lb load needs at least 3,000 lbs of combined WLL, and strap tags or chain grades tell you the rating.
The four-corner rule
Machinery over 10,000 lbs requires four independent tie-downs at the corners, plus separate securement for articulating attachments such as buckets and booms.
Chains versus straps
Grade 70 transport chain is the standard for machinery. Ratchet straps are appropriate for palletized goods and light equipment, but they are cut easily by sharp steel edges.
Re-check after settling
Loads settle in the first miles. Stop within the first 25 miles, re-tension every device, and re-check at every fuel stop on long hauls.